Cell line - A culture of related cells. A single embryo may be used to produce a line (or population) of cells that are genetically identical to one another as they divide and create a larger population.
Chimera - An organism made up of two genetically distinct types of cells from the same or different species.
Cloned gene - a copy of a gene that has been combined with a plasmid and placed into a bacteria cell.
Genes - The fundamental unit of heredity that carries genetic information from one generation to the next. A gene is an ordered sequence of nucleotides located on a position on a chromosome that encodes a specific functional protein.
Genetic - relating to the study of heredity and variation in organisms
Hybridization - is the process of combining two complementary single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules and allowing them to form a single double-stranded molecule through base pairing.
Multipotent - Capable of giving rise to several specialized cells or tissues of an organism.
Reproductive cloning, the process used to create Dolly the sheep, involves implanting an embryo.
Therapeutic cloning - nuclear transplantation of a patient's own cells to make an oocyte from which immune-compatible cells (especially stem cells) can be derived for transplant.
Somatic cell nuclear transfer – Another name for cloning. The transfer of a cell nucleus from a body cell into an egg from which the chromosomes have been removed or inactivated; the method used for cloning of an organism.
Transformation - A process by which extra genetic material is inserted into the cells of an individual.
